import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline
plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = "Simhei"
#填充符号
marks = ["o","X","+","*","O","."]
#设置X,Y轴的值
y = np.random.randint(10,100,len(marks))
x = range(len(marks))
#画图
bars = plt.bar(x,y,color="w",edgecolor="k")
#填充
for bar,mark in zip(bars,marks):
    bar.set_hatch(mark)
#其他设置
plt.title("柱形图填充",fontsize = 20)
plt.xlabel("柱形",fontsize = 20)
plt.xticks(x,marks,fontsize = 20)
plt.savefig("out/1.png",dpi=200,bbox_inches="tight")

用于写论文时，黑白印刷可分辨的代码。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

#构建数据
x_data =['nodesTotalNumber', 'totalPathLength', 'pathNodesNumber','NodeUtilization','time']
Y1 = [163.1,17.38,14,26.99,17.66]
Y2 = [56,23.5,13,23.21,7.106]
Y3 =[11.2,15.69,7,62.5,2.499]
bar_width = 0.3

marks = ['o','X','+','*','O']
y = np.random.randint(20,180,len(marks))
m =np.arange(len(x_data))

plt.bar(x=m, height=Y1, label='ManyobstaclesRRT', width=bar_width,hatch='**',color='w',edgecolor='k')
plt.bar(x=m + bar_width, height=Y2, label='ManyobstaclesRRT*', width=bar_width,hatch='xxx',color='w',edgecolor='k')
plt.bar(x=m +bar_width + bar_width, height=Y3, label='ManyobstaclesImprovedRRT',width=bar_width,hatch='',color='w',edgecolor='k')

plt.xticks(range(0, 5), ['nodesTotalNumber', 'totalPathLength', 'pathNodesNumber', 'NodeUtilization', 'time'])

plt.xticks(fontsize=13)

#显示图例
plt.legend()
plt.show()
plt.savefig('1.png',dpi=200,bbox_inches='tight')